Sex Therapy New Zealand Case Study - 968 Words

Brief Sex Therapy New Zealand is a division of STNZ 2010 Limited, founded by clinical psychologists as a response to the rising concerns regarding the lack of reporting from clients in regard to sexual issues; and the lack of resources and knowledge available to clinicians (Sex Therapy New Zealand, 2007). The organisation aims to provide a holistic approach for their clients and to educate them on how the sexual response cycle occurs in the body; and how external factors such as ageing, injury, illness or medication can impact their sexual response. Sex Therapy New Zealand (2007) also aims to provide clients with skills to achieve intimacy within relationships, as well as work with clients that exhibit pathological paraphilias which cause†¦show more content†¦Marketing companies jumped at the chance to take advantage of Fifty Shades of Grey themed sex toys and accessories, aimed at people to explore their ‘kinky side’ (Pillai-Friedman et al, 2015), therefore, aspects of BDSM were becoming introduced to heteronormative popular culture (Morgan, 2013) My aim through this review is to identify what BDSM is, how the diversity of the community is so important to acknowledge; emphasised the importance of consent in BDSM; the medicalisation of certain BDSM genres; and finally, how BDSM could be therapeutic for some in this community. What is BDSM? BDSM practice is bondage and discipline; dominance and submission; and sadism and masochism, in a safe and consensual manner (Pillai-Friedman et al, 2015). Hamer (2016) described bondage as physical restraint with materials such as rope, or equipment such as handcuffs to confine the submissive participant. The discipline Hamer (2016) explained, was the psychological restraint or punishment of the submissive if they disobeyed their dominant partner. Dominance and submission as a form of mutually consented power exchange between all participants involved; Hamer (2016) suggested both the dominant and submissive parties had as much control as each other during play however, this varied in the extentShow MoreRelatedChild Sex Offenders Are Individuals Who Sexually Offend Against Children Essay2001 Words   |  9 PagesChild sex offenders are individuals who sexually offend against children. Child sexual offending encompasses a wide array of sexual misconduct against children and include behaviours such as touching of the genitals, forced masturbation, penetration with a finger or foreign object, oral-genital contact, and vaginal/anal penetration (Gee, 1997). A frequently cited definition is that of Schechter and Roberge (1976 cited in Gee, 1997) in that the involvement of dependent, developmentally immatureRead MorePromiscuity1016 Words   |  5 PagesWhy are we such a promiscuous nation? What risks are we bringing upon ourselves? Are we all nomads in the land of sexuality? Perhaps it is our loose lifestyles, or when growing up we are faced with confusion. A young New Zealander’s lifestyle of drinking, partying, and in some cases, drugs is the perfect precedent for a night likely to be regretted, not remembered, or resulting in possible pregnancy or STI scares. The poem September Assignment by Mike Kivi develops a scenario of a young girl â€Å"filledRead MoreBad Dates And Street Sex Trade1294 Words   |  6 PagesIt is no secret that sex work is a growing industry, as it is essentially a commercial enterprise in our society. Many of the people who work in this business typically turn to prostitution for economic purposes as a result from poor education and poverty. Sex work is often linked to violence and victimization from clients and other perpetrators, but even so, it is not always true. The expectation that Bill C-36 will prevent harm to the susceptible portion of the population from acts of violenceRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Infection ( Hiv ) Essay1830 Words   |  8 Pages2014, an estimated 3000 individuals in New Zealand was reported to be living with HIV. And, although HIV doesn t discriminate, the brunt of this epidemic’s impact has disproportionately affected specific populaces. 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Some people commit homicide to get a body, which is called necrophilic homicide. A study that was conducted in 1988 found that 42% of necrophiliacs interviews had committed homicide to acquire a body for sexual pleasure (Necrophilia). Studies also shown people who suffer from necrophilia take jobs that give them access to corpses. â€Å"A research states that 68% of necrophiliacs were encouraged by a desire for aRead MoreGay, Bisexual, And Transgender Youth Suicide Essay1946 Words   |  8 Pagesas: Israel where a study of 1,134 teenagers were surveyed and results show that 20% of these teenagers have attempted suicide, which is 112 times the rate of the general population. The study also showed that the rate is even higher for LGBT teenagers who have religious backgrounds (Roberts, 2012). In Australia, LGBT youth have the highest rates of suicidality. 20% of transgendered and 15.7% of lesbian, gay and bisexual Australians have reported current suicidal ideation. 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There are a few tests that can be done to find out if you have Multiple Sclerosis, such as; MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) this is not the only test but it is a huge step in confirming a diagnosis

Benefit Of Technology Essay - 1023 Words

Does technology benefit or hurt humankind as a whole? This is a question that pops up more and more as we continue to advance and integrate technology more into our lives. It is currently pretty clear that we use a substantial amount of technology some would even say to an exaggerated level. You might be thinking to yourself â€Å"what are you talking about, technology is a must it helps us live longer than ever, cure diseases and illnesses and we can even create things only imagined in science fiction books† but the answer isn’t as simple and clear cut like that. Instead this essay will proposed the idea of the hindrance that technology presents to humankind. Using legitimate sources as a support for this argument, resulting in a clear and†¦show more content†¦Technological advances in medicine has caused millions of people to cheat death, which as a result has caused overpopulation. According to a book called â€Å"Population: an introduction to concepts and issues published by John R. Weeks† as a result of overpopulation it has caused resources to become depleted, Bad standard of living and accelerated habitat loss. While some of these things would happen regardless of populations, it would take centuries to reach that state if we had a moderate population. Medicine is not the only field that has had a negative effect on the environment. While technological advances in medicine have caused an indirect harmful effect on the environment, at least in those instances it was for a beneficial outcome. On the contrary technological fields like the transportation industry, Computers and Cellphone industries have had damaging effect on the Ecosystem. According to article called Challenging the air quality discourse – people create pollution not technology that was published in the â€Å"Clear Air journal† airborne by-products from vehicle exhaust can cause air pollution and are a major ingredient in the creation of smog. Wh ile smog effects human’s respiratory systems in a harmful way, it also effects animals in the same manner that it does to humans. High levels of ozone can irritate the respiratory system, generally lasting for aShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Technology Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is increasingly becoming more prominent in the daily lives of the working class as well as a child’s education. Technology can be very helpful in certain times, but at other times it seems as if we depend on it more than we are actually learning. Is technology more helpful than harmful? This seems to be a dispute within this new age technology world we live in today. 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Alone, Bilingual education is a controversial issue. There are several people and organizations in this country who, for various reasons, are opposed to bilingual education. Minorities in the Classroom It is estimated that by the turn of the century up to 40 percent of the children in the nation’s classrooms willRead MoreShould a Computer Grade Your Essays?1499 Words   |  6 PagesGrade Your Essays? The case study discusses the April 2013 launch of Harvard/MIT’s joint venture MOOC (massively open online course) essay scoring program, utilizing AI (artificial intelligence) technology to grade educational essays and short answers, with immediate feedback and ability to revise, resubmit, and improve grades. In 2012, a group of colleagues, Les Perleman, Mark Shermis, and Ben Hamner, introduced over 16,000, K7-12 standardized school tests to the AES (automated essay scoring software)Read MoreAnalysis Of Sherry Turrkle The Flight From Conversation958 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor of the Social Studies of Science and Technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sherry Turkle, in her New York Times article â€Å"The Flight from Conversation†, identifies society’s declining ability to connect with each other on a person-to-person basis. Turkle’s purpose is to highlight the importance of human interaction with the absence of technology. She supports her argument concerning technology’s negative implications on people’s interactions amongst each other by the following:Read MoreA Summary OfIt Always Costs By David Suzuki Summary713 Words   |  3 Pagesugh Draft 3 David Suzuki’s essay, â€Å"It Always Costs† argues that technology is always accompanied my negative repercussions. Suzuki clearly emphasizes the negative effects that technology presents by objectifying the damaging nature of scientific innovation. Throughout his essay, Suzuki supports his arguments with specific examples. To justify his reasoning, the author uses the case of DDT, otherwise known as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane. This chemical compound is used as an insecticide toRead MoreTechnological Er The Internet s Effect On The Human Brains Neural Pathways1566 Words   |  7 Pagessuch grand advancements in technology. From the invention of the two way video calling application, Skype, to the multi useful Apple iPhone, technology has created a less patient, multi tasking, more connected to the world around them, consumer. Walking down the street, people are constantly checking in with their technology, whether it its responding to a text, replying to an Instagram comment or reading the latest article on the CNN news app on their iPad. 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Humanities Chapters 31, 32, 33 Free Essays

Chapter 31 1. No. He stated, â€Å" ‘Progress’ is merely a modern idea, that is, a false ideal. We will write a custom essay sample on Humanities Chapters 31, 32, 33 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The European of today is vastly inferior in value to the European of the Renaissance: further development is altogether not according to any necessity in the direction of elevation, enhancement, or strength. 2. A. ) Paul Verlaine, Arthur Rimbaud, Charles Baudelaire, Stephane Mallarme, Maurice Maeterlinck. B. ) To find a language that embraced the mystical, the erotic, and the ineffable world of the senses. 3. A faun is part man, part beast. A nymph is a beautiful forest maiden. They have an erotic encounter. 4. They preserved the romantic fascination with nature and the Realist preoccupation with daily life. They idealized nature. They were interested in sensation and the sensory experience. They tried to record an instantaneous vision of their world, sacrificing the details of perceived objects in order to capture the effects of light and atmosphere. Some painted canvases that offered a glimpse into the pleasures of 19th century urban life. 5. Bergson viewed life as a vital impulse that evolved creatively, much like a work of art. True to Bergson’s theory of duration, experience becomes a stream of sensations in which past and present merge. 6. Reliquaries, masks, and freestanding sculptures were among the power objects used to channel the spirits of ancestors, celebrate rites of passage, and ensure the well-being of the community. Beadwork using seed beads and wood carving with hammered brass were unique features. 7. Post-Impressionist paintings were a broad reaction against Impressionism. The works continued to use the bright Impressionist palette, but rejected the Impressionism’s emphasis on the spontaneous recording of light and color. Post-Impressionists sought to create art with a greater degree of formal order and structure. The new styles they created, Georges Seurat’s divisionist technique and Vincent van Gogh’s brushwork, led to more abstract styles that would prove highly influential for the development of modernist painting in the early twentieth century. Post-Impressionist compositions focused on the personal experience of the painter, versus fidelity to the object like in Impressionism; the style of the work, developing a new method of paint application or viewing the piece from multiple angles, was more important than subject matter. . The art of Paul Gauguin developed out of similar Impressionist foundations, but he too dispensed with Impressionistic handling of pigment and imagery in exchange for an approach characterized by solid patches of color and clearly defined forms, which he used to depict exotic themes and images of private and religious symbolism. Gauguin looked toward remote de stinations where he could live easily and paint the purity of the country and its inhabitants. Chapter 32 1. A. ) Imagists were a group of poets who were leaders in the search for a more concentrated style of expression. B. Verbal compression, formal precision and economy of expression were the goals of the imagists. 2. A. ) The work portrays five nude female prostitutes from a brothel on Avinyo Street in Barcelona. Each figure is depicted in a disconcerting confrontational manner and none are conventionally feminine. The women appear as slightly menacing and rendered with angular and disjointed body shapes. Picasso â€Å"Africanizes† the two pink (white European) bodies of the two prostitutes who are seen on the right hand side of the picture and the other three faces he evokes an Iberian style of Picasso’s native Spain, giving them a savage aura. This creates an effect of cultural confrontation; difference is explicitly present and causes uncomfortableness. B. ) French imperialism in Africa and the Pacific was at its peak, with boats and trading steamers bringing back ritual carvings and masks as curiosities. While the African carvings had a kind of quirky otherness, becoming very collectible in France, the general view of Africa was the symbol of savagery. Unlike most Europeans, however, Picasso saw this savagery as a source of vitality and renewal that he wanted to incorporate for himself and for European painting. His interpretation of African art, in the mask-like faces of the figures on the right hand side, was based on this idea of African savagery; the brush-strokes which create them have a stabbing violent quality to them. 3. A. ) Analytic Cubanism is a multiplicity of viewpoints that replaced 1-point perspective. B. ) Synthetic Cubanism is the late phase of cubism, characterized chiefly by an increased use of color and the imitation or introduction of a wide range of textures and material into painting. 4. Machine technology of speed, electric lighting, and the new phenomenon of moving pictures. 5. A. ) Nonobjective art is art that lacks recognizable subject matter. B. ) Kandinsky was deeply influenced by the Fauves, the Symbolists, and by Russian folk art. Malevich arrived at nonrepresentational art not by way of Fauvism but through the influence of Analytic Cubanism, which asserted the value of line over color. Mondrian was inclined to discover geometric order in the landscape of his native country. 6. Thomas Edison was the first American to project moving images on a screen. In France the brothers Auguste and Louis Lumiere perfected the process by which cellulose film ran smoothly in a commercial projector. 7. Frank Lloyd Wright invested the techniques of glass and steel technology and the functional principle of the cantilever with the aesthetics of Japanese art to create a modern style of domestic architecture. Le Corbusier introduced some of the classic elements of modern urban architecture, including the open floor plan, the flat roof, and the use of glass â€Å"curtain walls. † 8. Atonality, polytonality, and polyrhythm as formal alternatives to the time-honored Western traditions of pleasing harmonies and uniform meter. Chapter 33 1. The id is the seat of human instincts and the source of all human desires, including nourishment and sexual satisfaction. It is the compelling force of the unconscious realm. The ego is the administrator or manager that attempts to adapt the needs of the id to the real world. The superego is the moral monitor commonly called the conscience. It monitors human behavior according to the principles inculcated by parents, teachers, and other authority figures. . Freud states that when any situation that is desired by the pleasure principle is prolonged, then it creates a feeling of mild contentment. Thus or possibilities of happiness is restricted by the law. Many of humankind’s primitive instincts (for example, the desire to kill and the insatiable craving for sexual gratification) are clearly harmful to the well-being of a hu man community. As a result, civilization creates laws that prohibit killing, rape, and adultery, and it implements severe punishments if such rules are broken. This process, argues Freud, is an inherent quality of civilization that instills perpetual feelings of discontent in its citizens. Freud’s theory is based on the notion that humans have certain characteristic instincts that are immutable. Most notable are the desires for sex, and the predisposition to violent aggression towards authority figures and towards sexual competitors, which both obstruct the gratification of a person’s instincts. 3. A piece of cake soaked in tea. 4. The themes of insecurity and vulnerability reflect the mood that prevailed during the early decades of the century. The main character wakes up one morning and realizes that he has been turned into a large insect. 5. A brand new car. 6. Dresdan, Munich 7. World War I; they dedicated themselves to spreading the gospel of irrationality because they believed WWI was evidence that the world had gone mad. 8. The group aimed to revolutionize human experience, in its personal, cultural, social, and political aspects. They wanted to free people from false rationality, and restrictive customs and structures. Breton proclaimed that the true aim of Surrealism was â€Å"long live the social revolution and it alone! To this goal, at various times Surrealists aligned with communism and anarchism. There are two composers who were greatly influenced by Surrealism like Erik Satie. He wrote the score for a ballade parade which had a great influence on other composers like Guillaume Apollinaire. He coined the term and made compositions based on it. 9. There are two composers who were greatly influenced by Surrealis m like Erik Satie. He wrote the score for a ballade parade which had a great influence on other composers like Guillaume Apollinaire. He coined the term and made compositions based on it. How to cite Humanities Chapters 31, 32, 33, Papers

Consolidated Portfolio for Project Negotiation and Stakeholder

Question: Discuss about theConsolidated Portfolio for Project Negotiation and Stakeholder. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to present a reflective writing on the learning that I have gained in my session of weekly portfolios. This report presents the thoughts that I have gained after the classes. This report shows all the six relative topics that I have learnt in each week. The very first learning outcome explains what I have learnt about the operation of complex and diverse non-government and government project contractual that is relevant to the ranged of ICT, build agreements, and managed services. Second learning states about the common arguments using the logic, influence and persuasion factors that could be commonly applied to the competing or/and conflicting stakeholder agendas. Third learning is all about what I have learnt with respect to the methods of project, conflict management, project negotiation, and stakeholder engagement into the project and how to relate them with the consisting asset lifecycles and technology standards. Similarly fourth fifth and sixth ou tcomes have been reported in the report that could explain my learning through my perspective. Learning Outcome 1 In the very first week, I get to know about the commercial planning that how techniques used in commercial planning for the implementation of policies and strategies for building a commercial project in a successful manner. I also learnt about the commercial project that includes establishment of buildings where commercial works could be carried out. Another concerning topic was commercial project management and commercial planning that helped me in understanding the importance and impact of better planning. Their role is much important in the success of the project. I learned about the essential keys that are vital in successful participation in large projects. The participants should have extra knowledge on related topics and I also get to know how much important is the communication and cooperation between the individuals for the successful deployment of the project. It is also important that ethical issues should be taken in account while targeting the goals and I interest should be identified at the very early stage before deploying the project. Following these objectives, I also get to know the importance of negotiation and time delay in the negotiation between the stakeholders. The negotiation between the UK government and government of France let me conclude that the negotiation should be of a good level, it should take time but not much delayed as it could lead to conflicts between the stakeholders. A better and time taking negotiations could lead to the possibilities of eliminating certain conflicts that might affect the success of the project. Summary I have learnt so many objectives related to the successful deployment of the commercial planning and commercial projects including the role of the project management and planning objectives. I have also learnt the importance of cooperation and communication including how to implement ethical issues with respect to the project. Evidence Pea-Mora, F. and Tamaki, T., 2001. Effect of delivery systems on collaborative negotiations for large-scale infrastructure projects.Journal of Management in Engineering,17(2), pp.105-121. Learning Outcome 2 Moving forward I get to know about the importance of communication between the stakeholders and how important is this agenda in relevance to the success of a project. I get to know about the consequences of the communication or negotiation in a positive manner. Successful negotiation includes proper cooperation and coordination of understanding between the individuals involved in the negotiation. In the collaborative negotiation methodology, cultural dimensions of the participants does impact the flow and success of the project as representatives from different background might feel conflict to represent the other background. Types of contract that is being negotiated plays an important role as, the results that are deriving after the negotiation might impact the performance of the suppliers that in return will impact the ability of the contractor to produce and develop a system with specific requirements. The main understanding behind these researches let me know that communication and negotiation at certain topics could led to the elimination of certain conflicts that might affect the growth of any project and by correct methodology and procedure we can eliminate the conflicts and lead the project to a grand success. Summary Negotiation between the stakeholders on their respective agendas with correct methodology and influence could minimize the impact of conflicts and led to the better communication and successful implementation of the project. Types of contract is also a considering factor for eliminating the facts related to the conflict or types of conflicts that might rise between the stakeholders due to misunderstanding and mismatched thoughts on a particular point or objectives. Evidence PMI., 2013a.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute. Learning Outcome 3 This part was very interesting for me where I get to know about the methods for negotiating in the project, stakeholder engagement and conflict management across the projects consisting of variety of asset lifecycle and technology standards. I get to learn that some of the questions related to the cultural dimensions and project negotiations seem to be the relevant topics that could raise the conflicts between the stakeholders that have particular contribution to the project. Negotiation can be referred to bringing everyone to the particular point of thought for the betterment of the whole project and to bring success to the project. Conflict management can be the best approach to solve the objectives related to the conflicts arising between the stakeholders on the agendas from their perspective. It could help the individuals to solve the issues or bargain the issues to a point where the overall gain will reflect the success of the project. I also learnt that engagement of stakeholde rs does not mean only engaging with words or work rather word and work of the respective individuals should be contributed in the project management processes and present their crucial thoughts and thinking on the particular objectives related to the deployment of the project and make it successful. Summary Overall, it can be concluded that negotiating the project and stakeholder engagement as stated above could be the part of the conflict management across the project, as conflict management covers all the aspects related to the involvement and contribution of the stakeholder engagement while negotiating the project. Conflict management could lead to the positive possibilities for eliminating the conflicts between the stakeholders that might affect the project. Evidence Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute. Learning Outcome 4 This week was helpful in understanding the facts related to the methods that could be helpful in indentifying the inconsistent objectives that could be helpful in managing the communication between the stakeholders. I have compiled the communication and cooperation methods that are relevant to the topics that I have discussed above or not. I get to know that they were certainly relevant to the topics that have been discussed above and cooperation and proper communication is the key to the development of very good and effective relationship between the key stakeholders. It was relevant because the success of the project can be described as proportional to the good behavior and relationship between the stakeholders and they could manage themselves according to the nature of the complexity between them. I also understand that participating in the conflict management and considering the objectives of the both side could be helpful in highlighting the areas or sectors where the conflict i s arising. I get to know that focus could be given on those particular areas in manner to bargain the possibilities. Project management frameworks and standards could be helpful in a project that could be utilized to involve analysis of various ways of commercial procurement and negotiation of the operations that are being conducted in the project management. I learnt how contract law can be helpful in reconciling and identifying the conflicting and inconsistent drivers and the objectives that could be helpful in maintaining, developing, and managing the relationships with the key stakeholders and also communication between them. Summary This week was profitable for me in understanding the objectives corresponding to the methods of negotiation in the project on the drivers that might provide positive responses in maintaining the proper communication with the stakeholders. I also understand the impacts related to the negotiating projects and eliminating conflicts. Evidence PMI. 2013a.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute. Learning Outcome 5 After the research, I get to know that the questions that had been asked in the first week were relevant as those could lead to the alteration in budget estimation, productivity might start declining, and event the project could end. Following week I understand how project delay could be affecting the budget of the whole project and this could be a very big issue for the completion of project according to the plan. I also learnt that this might lead to the dissatisfaction among the customers and related consumers regarding their roles and responsibilities in the project. It was also very clear to me that delaying the project could cause various issues in many secytors regarding the loss of monetary among the employees by their respective leaders or higher grade employees that will be responsible for their productivity as well as it could also lead to decline in the productivity as discussed earlier. It could be described as the greatest issue or cause that might lead to the involveme nt of commercial negotiation and the team who is responsible for the completion of the project will have to prepare a contingency for the mitigation of the issues that are budding due to project delay. Based on the learning that I gained, it can be said that formation or documentation of project procurement and negotiation documents would lead to the formation of obligatory and sufficient development of the project integration management. I can also refer that the Project Negotiation in Private and Government organization will be willing to establish the use of surrogacy planning in manner to improve the objectives that have been performing within the project integration management. Summary It can be summarized in a small manner that learned the consequences of the project disruption, alteration, delay, and changes in planned activities. I have also learnt the methods for claiming liquidated damage, variations, arbitration, and contract entitlements. Evidence Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11th Edition. Hoboken, USA: John Wiley sons. Learning Outcome 6 After the completion of all my courses, I get to know that the project agreements and contracts could be very much helpful in serving the purpose of the project negotiation in a private or a government organization. I learnt how stakeholder documents and project progress could be helpful for evaluating the concepts of the avoidance of the provide conflict solutions through the negotiated resolutions. The objectives that need to be involved in the solutions for the operation activities within the project of commercial negotiation are contract documents, the negotiation, and the agreement methods of final offer arbitration. I learned about the tools that could be helpful in learning and resolving the issues related with the problems for which there is compromise, conflict, confront and use power. The initial step should be to get a clear understanding of the interest. Then the people in the negotiation must communicate in an effective manner. Identification of alternatives plays a majo r role. The commitments that are made by the people needs to be maintained and followed. There must be proper communication. According to me there should be a particular agreement and negotiation between the stakeholders that is proper and suitable for the project and could be implemented within the organization for future. This could be helpful in manipulating all the stakeholders towards a single thought and could be helpful in minimizing the conflict to the extent level in future. The types of conflict that might arise during the execution of the project could be declined or minimized to the extent level through the NCTP form of procurement. Summary Based on my learning it can be summarized that I have learnt about the project management tools and now capable of evaluating the project management tools that could be helpful in avoiding or providing the conflict resolution through the practice of negotiated solutions. Evidence YouTube. 2017.Negotiation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FeM6kp9Q80 [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Conclusion Based on the above report it can be concluded that I have learnt many things related to the better communication and project negation with the stakeholders. This report explains how I will be applying my learning in the real world and how I would tackle the obstacles that will be laid ahead me while executing any project. The most important aspect for the success of any project can be referred to the collaboration between the team and team members. However, this could only be achieved by eliminating conflicts between the stakeholders that might lead to the delay in the project completion. According to me the most important aspect in the project negotiation is that I will have listen everybody and I will have to make everyone listen about my thoughts and if they does not matches we should bargain by considering the project success. There are many consequences of the project delay that could be eliminated or minimized to the extent level if extra effort has been given on the project ne gotiation and better communication between each stockholder. References Banwo, O., Parker, K. and Sagoo, A., 2015, March. Principles of contract claims managementA review of the Nigerian construction industry. InIndustrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM), 2015 International Conference on(pp. 1-9). IEEE. Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute. Bragagnolo, C., Ng, K., Calado, H. and Esteves, M.A.P.P., 2016. Understanding and mapping local conflicts related to protected areas in small islands.Island Studies Journal,11(1), pp.57-90. Das Aundhe, M., Das Aundhe, M., Narasimhan, R. and Narasimhan, R., 2016. Public private partnership (PPP) outcomes in e-governmenta social capital explanation.International Journal of Public Sector Management,29(7), pp.638-658. Gao, H., Yu, T. and Cannella Jr, A.A., 2016. The use of public language in strategy: A multidisciplinary review and research agenda.Journal of Management,42(1), pp.21-54. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11th Edition. Hoboken, USA: John Wiley sons. Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2017.Project management for engineering, business and technology. Taylor Francis. Ojha, S. and Pandey, I.M., 2017. Management and financing of e-Government projects in India: Does financing strategy add value?.IIMB Management Review. Pea-Mora, F. and Tamaki, T., 2001. Effect of delivery systems on collaborative negotiations for large-scale infrastructure projects.Journal of Management in Engineering,17(2), pp.105-121. PMI. 2013a.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute. Portny, S.E., 2017.Project management for dummies. John Wiley Sons. Redpath, S.M., Young, J., Evely, A., Adams, W.M., Sutherland, W.J., Whitehouse, A., Amar, A., Lambert, R.A., Linnell, J.D., Watt, A. and Gutierrez, R.J., 2013. Understanding and managing conservation conflicts.Trends in ecology evolution,28(2), pp.100-109. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Wenham, K. and Wilkinson, C., 2014. How effective project controls can contribute to better outcomes for contractual claims and disputes (1107). InMastering Complex Projects Conference 2014(p. 47). Engineers Australia. YouTube. 2017.Negotiation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FeM6kp9Q80 [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]

Case Study Assignment The Rape Case

Table of Contents Power Influences on the Rape Case Risk Issues in the Rape Case Disciplinary Technologies involved in the Rape Case Consent in the Rape Case Scripts of the Rape Case Reference List Footnotes The Cherly Moss rape case of November 2009 involved Moss, a 26 year old woman and a single mother of four children who reported of having been raped by a 19 year old man in Bournemouth along the St Peter’s road. She insisted that she had tried to stop the man who she identified as Devine. The investigation from the CCTV showed that the sex was consensual.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Case Study Assignment: The Rape Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More She later dropped the case and was subsequently charged with making false allegations of rape and was convicted in Bournemouth court to fifteen months of imprisonment. When giving the sentence on 6th of August, 2010, Judge Wiggs Samuel claime d that the rape allegations Moss had made were very serious and that great quantity of police resources and time had been wasted in the investigation. Additionally, the allegations were likely to psychologically affect the man accused of the rape allegations. Moss Cherly was portrayed in different pictures by the media and the society. She was presented as not only being promiscuous but having wasted state resources including $5,500 in form of taxpayers’ money and 180 hours of the police. She was perceived as having been ashamed of having sex in the alley. The media presented her as an unemployed house cleaner, a single mother struggling to raise her four children. She was perceived as promiscuous that was portrayed by her drunkenness state and her alleged engagement through phone contacts with the man accused of the rape. The media never showed coverage of the rape story, yet emphasis was given on the false allegations. The picture portrayed by the media through the age diff erence of Moss and the 19 year old soldier showed that she was looking for ways of earning income for her family and the general perception was that she initiated the sexual event. The tone presented during the case was that of despise and disgust. The headlines claimed she had sex with other soldiers in the alley, thus depicting a picture of a prostitute. The representation went beyond expected societal norms that a prostitute can be raped as reported. Evidently, coverage was not offered to the case allegations and her first reporting showing that the media was not in agreement with her claims. Power Influences on the Rape Case Foucault (1997) perceives power as being everywhere and hence it can be within us.[1] He further asserts that the concepts of a subject are created through power relations with the emphasis on human historical determinations which determine the acceptance of the legitimacy of power relations. The aspect of rape is perceived from different perspectives. Power is revealed in the Moss rape case from different perspectives.Advertising Looking for assessment on common law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More First, initial reporting of the case was not given media coverage, but on the conviction of Moss for false allegations, massive media coverage was received with such heated headings as â€Å"woman jailed over false rape claim,† â€Å"UK mum of 4 Moss Cherly has alleyway sex with soldier, then cries rape,† â€Å"rape lie mother is caged,† and â€Å"warning after Bournemouth woman jailed for false rape† among others. In this case, men are perceived to be in control of the sexual relations while women are perceived to be subjects thus limiting the emphasis on rape cases reported. In the rape case, Moss was said to have initiated the sexual ordeal and that the act was consensual. Although not much was said of the CCTV video recording, the report was that Moss w as a willing party to the sexual event (Marhia, 2008).[2] This creates confusion on what type of sexual assault is reportable as rape since forced sex is perceived differently. As a result, although Moss claimed to have tried to make the accused stop the ordeal, she was perceived as willing to take part in the act. While rape has been found to have psychological effects of trauma on women (Gill, 2007), the cross examination of the incidents eliminates the value of the victim.[3] In this case, no consideration was reported of the trauma that Moss could have undergone. In contrast, upon her conviction of false allegations, focus of the media was shifted to the trauma and extreme psychological effects on the accused soldier. The media said that the man must have been frightened of the claim. In fact, Judge Miggs said that the worse effect of the allegations of rape by Moss was on the accused man. It is also argued that when women say no to sex, they do not really mean it; women who hav e had sex with other partners before are likely to have it with another one; women who are sexually promiscuous are likely to be untrustworthy regarding their rape allegations; women who are sexually promiscuous have less rights in choosing who to have sexual relations with; and women have the tendency of provoking men to sex hence should be blamed for rape. It is also argued that rape is usually characterised by false allegations. All these assertions reveal the perceptions and the place of power in rape (Kelly, 2001).[4] The police and law enforcement in rape reveal the element of power where Moss as a victim of rape was subjected to cross examinations.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Case Study Assignment: The Rape Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is done using the recordings of the CCTV cameras, with the police trying to ensure that she maintained her story before investigation. On conviction, the emphasis is on the wasted resources of police and time in investigation thus showing that the police never thought that there was any rape in the first place. Power is also revealed in this case by the media which tries to evade responsibility (Marhia, 2008).[5] Risk Issues in the Rape Case Estrich (1987) asserts that the element of risk in rape is affected by factors arising from societal and cultural interpretations which differ from one context to another.[6] However, she argues that the media displays risk in rape as an element of danger and fear that needs to be avoided. Further, risks are also represented through the individual characteristics of the victim so as to determine if the victim was aware of the risk and if they could have avoided it. Kelly (2001) reports that the rape cases which receive convictions and much media coverage are those characterised by risks which include other forms of violence such as kidnapping, murder, many assailants as well as the involveme nt of weapons.[7] This shows the reasons for the non-coverage of the rape case of Moss in the initial stages of investigation. As represented in the case by the media, there is no element of risk that is identified that could be linked to the rape assertions. First, the young soldier is depicted as an innocent soldier in a training program and much younger than Moss. Additionally, Moss is represented to have been drunk and thus was responsible for her behaviour (Marhia, 2008).[8] Risk in this case is only perceived by the assertion that the accused man is at risk of being accused of a wrong he did not commit. Additionally, the stereotypes of rape in this case are included through the characteristics of the victim such as age, sexual behaviours, mode of dressing, relations with the perpetrator and the place of the offence (Gill, 2007).[9] In this case, the age of Moss depicted by the media creates a perception that she was not likely to be raped. The representation of Moss as a mothe r together with her drunken state and the fact that she was out at night contradicts the perceptions of society towards a mother character. This in turn elicits feelings that she was not at risk in the rape event. Disciplinary Technologies involved in the Rape Case According to Foucault (1997), discipline unlike punishment is meant for correct training through the control of behaviour.[10] Disciplinary measures taken in rape cases differ depending on the judicial system but they are motivated by the media reporting.Advertising Looking for assessment on common law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The measures taken in rape, as most agencies focused on addressing rape assert, are supposed to stop the crime and help both the offender and the victim. In analysis of the rape case of Moss, the accused man was in fact not arrested but only examined. However, upon the dropping of the charges against him, Moss was arraigned in court and convicted. The disciplinary measures in rape are presented as being frightening and causing distress. Although the discipline measures are supposed to help the offender, the rape allegations are represented as a consequence of the actions by Moss. The system of judgement also seeks to use the measure taken not as discipline per-se but more as punishment for the crime committed to avoid such events occurring in the future. While the measure serves as punishment, the media presents it as a repercussion yet no concern is given for the trauma experienced by Moss. Further, the media tends to focus on the characteristics of the offender to gain the cause o f his or her actions that are usually attributed to psychological problems which limit discipline to psychological interjections (Estrich, 1987).[11] In the case of false rape allegations, this is not taken into consideration as revealed by the case of Moss. Consent in the Rape Case The issue of consent in sexual relations judgements has been perceived to be implied. Additionally, due to the influence of power for men in sexual relations, women are perceived as subjects whose consent need not be guaranteed. This has not only limited the reporting of crimes, but also shaped the societal attitudes towards rape and eventual punishment. The press displays the characteristics of the victim, the offender and the place of offence to limit the classifications of rape. In the rape case of Moss, the consent of Moss to the sexual ordeal is judged through the CCTV video camera together with other issues raised by the media such as the initialization of the conversation with the soldier that per ceives her willingness to have sex with him. Additionally, the fact that she gave out her phone number further strengthens the media’s perception that she was willing to meet him again and that she consented to the act. This perception is just limited by the prior misjudgement of the case. Additionally, consent is perceived as implied. The indication of the characteristic of Moss as being a mother of four children raises the opinion that Moss was more likely to lie about rape because she had had prior sexual relations with other men (Kelly, 2001).[12] Her single motherhood further raises the perception that single mothers are viewed by society as being promiscuous and that their consent to a sexual relation is not necessary. Scripts of the Rape Case The scripts prepared by the press on rape reveal their opinions and views towards rape cases. Marhia (2008) argues that the reporting of rape cases in the United Kingdom is guided by the code of conduct and ethical guidelines with further guidance of the press complaints commission although guidelines are not specified as to the rape reporting.[13] Rape cases are usually judged as criminal and do not receive as much compensation hence are not attractive to news journalists. The recording of the Moss case reveals that the initial rape case as reported by Moss was not reported or even followed up by the media to establish the truth. Reliance is based on the report of the police that the case was later dropped. Contrary to this, there is massive media coverage of the proceedings of the false rape allegations with much heated debate on the same. The recordings represent a single woman with four children who is claimed to have wasted the state resources and caused distress to the accused man. The scripts of rape do not focus on the element of rape, but on the injustice that is perceived to have been done on the accused man. The articles just follow on depth analysis of Moss to justify and further support the fact that she was guilty. While Moss weeps as she seeks forgiveness from Devine for false allegations, this only shows the shift in the societal concern to protecting the offenders from such allegations. Reference List Estrich, S., 1987. Real rape: How the legal system victimizes women who say no. Boston: Harvard University Press. Foucault, M., 1997. The Essential Works 1954-1984, Vol. III. New York: The New Press. Gill, R., 2007. Gender and the Media. Cambridge: Polity Press. Kelly, L., 2001. Routes to Injustice: A Research Review on the Reporting, Investigation and Prosecution of Rape Cases. London: John Wiley Publications. Marhia, N., 2008. Just Representation? Press Reporting and Reality of Rape: The Lilith Project. Web. Footnotes Foucault, M., 1997. The Essential Works 1954-1984, Vol. III. New York: The New Press. Marhia, N., 2008. Just Representation? Press Reporting and Reality of Rape: The Lilith Project. Gill, R., 2007. Gender and the Media. Cambridge: Polity Press. Kelly, L., 2001. Routes to Injustice: A Research Review on the Reporting, Investigation and Prosecution of Rape Cases. London: John Wiley Publications. Marhia, N., 2008. Just Representation? Press Reporting and Reality of Rape: The Lilith Project. Estrich, S., 1987. Real rape: How the legal system victimizes women who say no. Boston: Harvard University Press. Kelly, L., 2001. Routes to Injustice: A Research Review on the Reporting, Investigation and Prosecution of Rape Cases. London: John Wiley Publications. Marhia, N., 2008. Just Representation? Press Reporting and Reality of Rape: The Lilith Project. Gill, R., 2007. Gender and the Media. Cambridge: Polity Press. Foucault, M., 1997. The Essential Works 1954-1984, Vol. III. New York: The New Press. Estrich, S., 1987. Real rape: How the legal system victimizes women who say no. Boston: Harvard University Press. Kelly, L., 2001. Routes to Injustice: A Research Review on the Reporting, Investigation and Prosecution of Rape Cases. London: John Wi ley Publications. Marhia, N., 2008. Just Representation? Press Reporting and Reality of Rape: The Lilith Project. This assessment on Case Study Assignment: The Rape Case was written and submitted by user Kenny Hartman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Brutus essays

Brutus essays Power is a thing that is easily abused. Often, even good rulers can be corrupted by their power. They start out as good people, but too much power turns them bad. Brutus fears that his friend Caesar will abuse his power if he becomes emperor of Rome. In the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, Brutus starts out wanting what is best for Rome, but in the end, he starts a civil war that tears Rome apart. In the beginning of the play, Brutus is a very honorable Roman. For example, Brutus himself says, Let the gods speed me, as I love/The name of honor more than I fear death (I, ii, 88-89). Brutus would rather die than be dishonorable. Brutus believes doing the right thing is the only thing that really matters. Even Cassius knows Brutus to be honorable, for he says, I know that virtue to be in you, Brutus/As well as I do know your outward favor (I, ii, 90-91). Cassius knows Brutus well and he knows exactly what Brutus stands for. To flatter Brutus, Cassius knows that Brutus wants to be honorable, and he can use it to his advantage. Thus Brutus is known in Rome for being honorable. However, after Brutus is sucked into the conspiracy, he starts doing what is not the best for Rome. Antony points this out when he says, You all did see that on the feast of Lupercal/I thrice presented him with a kingly crown/which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition?/Yet Brutus says he was ambitious/And Brutus is an honorable man. (III, ii, 96-100). Antony mocks Brutus and calls to attention that Brutus is not honorable. He reminds the crowd that Brutus has done the wrong thing for Rome, because he has made false accusations against Caesar. Also, a messenger warns that, The enemy comes on in gallant show/Their bloody sign of battle is hung out (V,i, 13-14). Brutus has summoned an entire army to fight on the side of the conspirators. It has become a Roman civil war instead of just kill ...

To assess the learner's critical engagement with the history and Assignment

To assess the learner's critical engagement with the history and theory of the documentary and non-fiction film form.--please - Assignment Example In 1929, John Grierson, termed as the documentary film movement's utmost champion, put into use his personal film portrait of North Sea fishing with the aim of convincing the government of British to inaugurate a filmmaking unit that will be positioned within the Empire Marketing Board. It is key to state that with Grierson precedence over an institutional foundation for documentary film production speared the documentary film practice into maturity (Sklar, 2002). Evaluation Documentary filmmaking has industrialized progressively over time. It is worth stating that three main turning points can be identified in the development of documentary film making. First, substantial changes took place in the 1960s, followed by the late 1980s and finally since the year 2000. The novel turning point can be highlighted to be the period when filmmakers declined to film simply chronicles and newsreels. It is worth highlighting that documentary filmmakers underwent harsh times as the film in ancient times were faithfully linked to the wishes of the government. However, regardless of this fact, a new generation of filmmakers germinated in the 1960s with an altered opinion on how documentary films ought to be. Therefore, this made the primary turning point for the development of documentary filmmaking. ... With the conceptual boundaries gone (as a result of worldwide independence), the possibility of acquaintance with other documentary film makers pegged with the availability of other documentaries resulted into exchange of ideas. The third turning point was noted to be the years subsequent to the new millennium (Ellis, 1979). This is for the reason that new generation of filmmakers appeared that were noted to be more daring and highly experimenting. Vitols writes that â€Å"the blossoming of a new film culture was also due to the advent of television which fundamentally altered the role of documentaries in society. Previously, documentaries functioned much like the radio and the press, offering audiences ‘objective’ information, striving to efface any traces of a subjective authorship. The arrival of television effectively transferred this task of ‘objective’ information communication to television broadcasting, largely due to the new medium’s cost-ef fectiveness and rapid dissemination. This freed documentary filmmakers to portray their subjects in depth in a more complex manner† (Vitols, 2008: 14–15). When relating documentary cinema in the era of 1960–70s, one has the possibility to find numerous similarities and differences. Referring to Kleckins, the western world upsurge in documentary film occurred principally as a result to the technical advances such as lightweight cameras and novel sound equipment. On the contrary, some other countries such as the Baltic States owe their upsurge in the documentary film industry predominantly to the new generation that joined the industry. This is because their technical resources failed to change for a given period of time (Hepple and Taylor, 1980). The thematic progress that

Interpretative planning Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Interpretative planning - Case Study Example The plan itself is a comprehensive document detailing the focus of specific projects that could be considered interpretive works. The project may be a single exhibition or showing or a guided walk or display for a permanent project. Whatever the scale of the project, the essential questions when formulating the plan are; who is the project designed for' What is to be interpreted' Why is to be interpreted' (McArthur, 1998). As such, the interpretive plan takes in the big picture and provides a broad statement of intent. At the level of the heritage organisation the interpretative plan outlines the intentions to the approach of interpretation over the long-term. And can also allow for the collaboration of interpretation across numerous related heritage organisations. At the regional level, the heritage organisation could cooperate with other organisations to present a common or complementary perspective to interpretation in their region. Ultimately the interpretative strategy guides th e interpretation process to meet the needs and expectations of the projects purpose, and of the visitors. This paper will provide answer the question, 'Why do Australian Botanic Gardens use interpretation' Firstly, this paper will briefly outline the purpose of botanic gardens in Australia. Secondly, the stories plants tell through interpretive planning will be presented. Next, how the interpretive plan can use plants as education tolls will be highlighted. And then the interpretive message provided by plantings will be discussed. Finally a conclusion shall synthesis the main points of the paper and demonstrates that the paper answered the question of why botanic gardens use interpretative planning. Review of the Literature Botanic Gardens of Australia Botanic Gardens have a long history as part of Australian heritage. The key emphasis of all the botanic gardens is that they are collections of plants for conservation, preservation and beauty. Australian botanic gardens cluster plants together according to themes. The themes tend to be placed across a large garden site, with plants being located to areas where they will look and survive best. The themes are important as they provide continuity and meaning to the displays, otherwise the collections would not readily be able to engage the interest of visitors. Collections of plants clustered according to themes allow botanic gardens to more fully communicate critical information about the plants to visitors. Interpretive planning as used in botanic gardens provides a channel for story-telling to the public about the importance of plants in the ecological cycles that make up geographical spaces in which humans live and act. The Stories Plants Tell Botanic gardens are able to communicate critical information about vanishing rainforests, not only in Australia but the world. As such, the themed collections can more fully relate a story about the part each plant plays in the bigger picture which is an area/region/nation or global ecology. Many insects, animals and other plants are reliant on specific plants for nutrition, shelter or reproduction. When visitors understand how each plant has a role in the wider survival of global species then interpretative planning can be said to have succeeded (Moscardo, 1998). A modern botanic garden is of course far more than

Integrating Quality Assurance Principles in the teaching-learning Essay

Integrating Quality Assurance Principles in the teaching-learning environment - Essay Example Programmes developed by the organisation must remain focused on the existing rules and regulations from relevant authorities within the education sector. Through adherence to rules and regulations, organizations could potentially gain recognition from various national and international authorities. Organisational accreditation can also become achieved through ensuring adherence to all rules and regulations provided within the industry (Gonzales, Theresa, & Nair, 2004). Educational objectives of the training institute All teaching institutions have their established objectives, which provide guidelines when undertaking teaching. The educational objectives provide guidelines on the establishment of vocational training and the programmes that can be offered. These are elements that must become critically analysed before engaging in teaching programmes. The fundamental reason behind making an evaluation of the objectives remains, ensuring the programmes suffice the requirements of the institute(Smith & Keating, 1997). The VET organisation’s objectives must remain viable and in line with the institutional objectives. This would ensure the two organisations work harmoniously towards achieving similar objectives and targets in delivering vocational training Qualifications of teaching staff Successful implementation of a teaching program requires the utilisation of highly trained academic staff that would be used in delivering essential learning services to learners. As some of the most important stakeholders, teachers must have the desirable qualifications for delivering information to learners as required. The professional qualifications of the teachers remain fundamental in ensuring they have the capability to deliver the learning as required by the organisation. The qualification of teachers remains a key factor affecting delivery of the learning and consequently becomes displayed in the learning outcomes as gained by the students (Ntukidem, Etudor-Eyo, & Etuk, 2013). Achieving good learning outcomes within the learners would heavily depend on the qualifications of the teachers delivering the learning. Many vocational organisations provide specialised learning to learners with unique academic requirements. The services offered by these organisations remain heavily dependent on the capacity of the teachers to deliver the services as required. Qualifications of these teachers therefore would also include their capabilities in understanding the environment under which the teaching is performed. Teacher qualifications become essential in ensuring the teacher understands the requirements of the learners and organisation. The environment under which the learning occurs is sometimes a challenge to both the teachers and learners. Professionally qualified teachers, become aware of these conditions and have the capacity to undertake teaching within this setting. Teaching equipment Teaching equipment provides the teacher with the capacity t o undertake teaching responsibilities easily and efficiently. They offer the required assistance in making teaching simple and learning easy. These tools remain the fundamental elements that ensure efficiency of the teaching process, despite the qualifications of teachers. The role of teaching equipment remains that of aiding teachers in delivering services to learners. Without equipment, teaching would become extremely difficult and many learning outcomes

Technological Advancements On The Film Industry Media Essay

Technological Advancements On The Film Industry Media Essay Abstract There are mainly three parts when it comes to the impact of technology on the film industry. The first part is how the new tools has benefited or harmed the film industry. These tools include the camera technology, video editing software, adding special effects etc. The second part is how technology has affected the marketing and the audience of the film makers. How the rise of social networks and Web 2.0 world has affected the communication, advertising and distribution of their products with their audience. This will also include the new HD media distribution methods like Blu Ray and HD-DVD that provide better quality for their audience. The third part is about how technology has actually hurt the film industry. The main focus of this area will be about how different technologies have violated the copyright laws. Introduction The film industry has benefited a lot from the ever growing new technology. With the rise of digital filmmaking over the years motion pictures are once again going through a reinvention. One of the biggest benefits the film industry has had with technology is camera technology. With the cheap digital cameras available these days it has been relatively easier for small film companies to produce films. Also more films are produced these days because it is faster to produce films. Now it is also easier and less expensive these days to communicate and share media with the audience with the rise of multimedia mobile phones. Also the audience feedback is given faster and easier. Another biggest benefit of new technology is that it has saved a lot of time in making documentaries and movies. This is because of the new compact digital cameras with ample space. The internet has also had a very big effect on the film industry. Web 2.0 sites like YouTube and other video sites have enabled film makers to interact with their audience more easily. This has also enhanced the relationship with the audience. Article Cited From: (How Digital Technology has Changed) Plan of action My primary medium of research will be the internet. I think there is a plenty research material available on the internet that will be helpful in my research. There will be several case studies that will focus on how technology has helped the film industry. One of the leading case studies will be of recently released movie by James Cameron Avatar. This film is entirely based on animation and special effects. Next I plan on contacting some of the animation and small film businesses and find out their views on how new technology has affected how they produce films. Media Distribution Methods In the past media distribution methods were limited to video tapes and cassettes where the quality of the video was not as good as today and they used random access. This meant that it was not possible to skip directly to a scene. The most common media distribution method currently is the DVD. New technologies like Blu-ray and HD-DVD are also becoming famous. DVDs are one of the cheapest ways to distribute films and the this has been the standard distribution method for films for quite some time. Over the past year Blu-Ray and HD-DVD are becoming more famous and could soon replace the older method like DVD. The reason they are becoming more famous is because of the quality they offer. Users can now enjoy movies on very high definition which is upto 1080p, the highest definition available. The introduction to these new media distribution methods has had both, a good and a bad effect. The advantage the film industry had with this is that they were to charge a premium price for higher quality movies compared to standard quality DVDs and this, in many cases, resulted more profits for them. On the other hand, since people now have access to high quality movies from the comfort of their homes, visit the cinemas less often. Film Animation Tools Autodesk Maya And Film The leading animation software today comes from Autodesk. The two very famous softwares they make are Autodesk Maya and Autodesk 3ds Max. These two have been used in numerous movies to edit and animate characters. Some animated movies like Monsters Vs Aliens and Avatar. The latest development in digital camera and computer graphics (CG), stereoscopy, is becoming more famous in films these days. Stereoscopic technology uses the characteristics of the human vision which can make characters or objects appear at the front or behind the cinema screen. This creates an illusion of depth. Autodesk Maya enables users to view, create and edit stereoscopic content and enables film makers to uses stereo as a powerful way to help in story telling. The advantage this has is that the audience were drawn more deeply into the movie experience because of the new standards it sets in stereoscopic 3D production using Autodesk tools. (Autodesk Film AVATAR) Fully Featured Animated Film Using Autodesk 9 On 9th September 2009, the movie 9 was released. This was a fully featured animated film with every frame featuring Computer generated inages and characters. All this was matched up with multilayered computer generated images and advanced 3D lighting and camera effects. This whole animated film was made using Autodesk Maya animation software and Autodesk mudbox a sculpting software. With these two tools, all the creative and technical demands this animated 3D film had were met. Autodesk To The Rescue During the making of this movie, animators faced quite a few challenges. The very first challenge faced by the animation team was the timeframe that the work had to be completed in. 14 months. This included everything from start to finish the way the characters looked, the storyline itself, how they would move and the animatics. For the team this seemed an impossible task within the timeframe given and the level of detail and complexity required. During the movie there were a lot of scenes where the characters that dynamically interacted with each other at the same time. There were a lot of virtual stunts done in the movie with characters that had very fine, stretchy burlap mesh with a rigid zipper in front and visible stitching. These mesh textures were really a challenge for the animation team, especially when the characters moved and the animation was difficult. It was a challenge but Autodesk Maya had the capability to accomplish these tasks although it did put Maya to test. All these challenges were met by both Autodesk Maya and Autodesk MudBox. Maya handled most of the challenges like the asset creation, virtual camera and the multilayered 3D animation and all the effects. MudBox helped alongside with Maya to make the highly detailed shapes and models and the ground texture. Animation software like Autodesk Maya has helped the film industry to create movies like these. Without the use of such software, making of such movies would have been impossible. One of the members of the team, Adams, said that Maya is a very robust, fast and it has enabled us to make highly complex 3D structures, a lot of camera moves, explosions and lighting effects. He also states that Autodesk Maya was the best solution that they could have used to make a movie such as 9. (Autodesk Starz Animation) Case Study: The Technology behind The Making Of Avatar Performance Capture While CGI (Computer Generated Imagery) and motion capture is not very new to the film industry, performance capture is something that was just recently invented specially for this movie. As mentioned earlier that Motion Capture is done by placing reflecting markers all over an actors body and these are then interpreted by the computer and converted into CGI. However the difference between a real human expression and computer generated is quite noticeable. Performance capture is something different. In performance capture actors are supposed to wear special head gear which has a camera attached to it which records each and every muscle movement and converts them into digital media. Stereoscopic 3D Fusion Camera System After seven years of research and hard work James Cameron, the director of Avatar, along with his partner, Vince Pace, came up with the most advanced 3D lightweight camera that can shoot both in 2D and 3D mode. Before this invention 3D cameras were very big and weighed about 450 pounds. Digital Animation For this movie the digital animation was done by Peter Jacksons company, Weta Digital. Very professional artists turned the basic renderings into photo-real images using new breakthrough techniques in lighting and shading. Virtual Camera/Simul Camera For this movie two new kinds of cameras were also invented. The virtual camera and the simul camera which work together. The virtual camera isnt a real camera at all but it stimulates another camera that was transmitted computer generated images by super computers. What the simul camera did what fed real time computer generated images to the 3D fusion camera system. Use of Autodesk Digital Entertainment Creation Tools For this movie, James Cameron and his team developed a new way to develop innovative visual effects using advanced virtual cinematography techniques. Using the software a virtual stage was created in which the performance of actors would be captured, applied to computer generated characters and also the ability to view the results in real time. The uncanny valley, which is the noticeable difference between real life human characters and computer generated characters, was overcome by using advanced performance capture and visual Source: (Avatar Behind The Scenes) Motion Capture Motion Capture has been used in the film industry very often. The most basic definition of motion capture is recording the movement and translating that movement into a digital model. To achieve this actors in movies wear reflective markers all over their body which are then interpreted by a computer and turned into digital 3D models. Advantages Of Motion Capture Very fast and it is possible to achieve real time results. Because of this the cost of keyframe animation can be reduced. Very complex movements can be recreated. The amount of animation data that can be gathered is very large. This saves a lot of time. Disadvantages Of Motion Capture Special hardware and software is needed to execute motion capture Movements that do not follow the law of physics can generally not be captured. (Motion Capture) Film Industry and Web 2.0 The amount of users using the Internet these days have grown dramatically over the past years. This has allowed the film industry to reach their audience more easily through online advertising and by the use of social networks such as Facebook, YouTube. Search Engines The internet revolves around Google. The term search online these days means using one of the major search engines. These are either Google, Yahoo or Bing. Search engines also have an impact on the film industry. New movies coming out have their own websites and these are found mostly by search engines showing the relevant results and showing the movie website when users search online for it through search engines. This is the way the relevant websites of movies are found and they reach wider audience. Facebook With over 500 million users on Facebook, this has become an enormous platform to advertise on for film makers of their latest upcoming movies. One of the main reasons Facebook is a huge marketing advantage for film makers is because of the ability for information to be spread virally on it. Facebook groups and fan pages are liked by thousands of Facebook users daily and these are very viral in nature. It is not very uncommon to see a Facebook Fan Page having liked by millions of Facebook users. The above mentioned marketing methods are in fact free and it doesnt cost anything for film makers to create a these pages and they eventually become viral. Facebook also has a paid advertising program that can be used to market just about anything. Fanpages are a great way to know your audience better. Facebook is all about conversation and interaction with people which is why film makers can interact with their audience more easily, ask for their opinions and get to know what they want. There is one main advantage to why paid advertising on Facebook is the best. The reason is because you one can get ultra-targeted audience from Facebook due to all the information that users put on their profile. (Facebook Stats) Above is a screen shot of information from a Facebook users profile. All the information put is put here by the user itself and it contains information about the users location, college/school, sex, martial status, their likes and interests and hobbies. Facebook uses this information to target the right audience through their advertising program. Whenever an advertiser wishes to create an advertising campaign with Facebook he/she is presented with a number of targeting options. These options include the following: Age Location Sex Marital Status Education And Work Likes And Interests Advertisers on Facebook can target their audience based on all of these above criteria which enables them to target only the kind of people that might be interested in what they are advertising, which in this case are movies. YouTube Now owned by Google, YouTube is the most famous video sharing site on the Internet. YouTube has both good and bad effects on the film industry. According to the stats from YouTube.com itself and other sites like website-monitoring.com YouTube exceeds 2 billion views per day. An estimated number of 24 hours of video is uploaded to YouTube every single minute and an average person spends about 15 minutes per day on YouTube. Film Makers know this and have had an enormous marketing advantage and have reached a more wider audience because of this. YouTube has made a separate page especially for movie trailers where they can be uploaded and then made public. YouTube, like most other Web 2.0 sites engages conversation among the viewers and visitors that come and watch videos and movie trailers. This is yet another advantage to the film industry as they can know the opinions of their viewers and get their feedback. Another great feature of YouTube is its ability to share the video virally on other social network sites like Facebook MySpace and others. An estimated number of 46.2 years of video is watched a day from Facebook itself. One important aspect of these Web 2.0 sites is that most of them are interlinked. For example you can use your Facebook account of sign in to several Web 2.0 sites. This makes information on the internet very viral in nature which is a benefit for advertisers. The disadvantage of YouTube is that currently there are about 7,000 hours of movies and TV shows that are put up on YouTube for users to watch for free. Some of these videos uploaded do break the copyright law. These videos are continuously being uploaded on YouTube and there is little that can be done about this. This is just one of the several video sharing sites. There are also others like Vimeo also where copyrighted material are being uploaded every single day by users. (Youtube Facts) Social Bookmarking Social bookmarking is when users bookmark a certain website or web page that they have found interesting and this is then publically viewable to all the other users on that social bookmarking website. Two of the very famous social bookmarking websites online today are Digg and Delicious. These social bookmarking websites are again a great way for information on movies, film to go viral and reach a lot of people. It is again possible to sign into most of these social networks using your Facebook account. One such social bookmarking site is Digg. Disadvantages Of Web 2.0 Broadband Internet Ever since broadband internet was introduced, internet users have been able to enjoy higher speeds in downloads and uploads. This has given a rise in piracy. It is said that one inn four people have illegally downloaded a film. The film studios say that piracy on the net has cost them billions of dollars in losses. The estimated figure as of the year 2006 is $20 billion. It is said that film piracy is going to increase as more people shift to broadband and can download files at higher speeds. (Online Film Piracy Set To Rise) (Film Piracy Cost The Economy $20 billion) File Sharing Sites The main disadvantages when it comes to the internet and Web 2.0 are copyright issues. Since digital data can be easily copied it is very common to see movies being shared on File sharing sites and discussion boards. A lot of these file sharing sites have their servers off-shore, in some other countries where copyright laws dont apply to them. This means that it is possible for them to have lot of copyrighted material on them and users from anywhere in the world is able to download them simply with the click of a mouse button. Peer 2 Peer Networks P2P and torrent sites have become a very common way to share files on the internet. All that is needed is a small piece of software installed on a computer that allows a user to share files directly from their computer. This way millions of users can openly share whatever is on their hard drive with other users on the peer to peer network. This makes it very easy to share pirated movies across the internet. File Sharing Message Boards The term Warez refers to copyrighted material being shared for free and this term is very famous on the internet. A lot of forums and message boards are specially made for this purpose and millions of users download movies and tons of other copyrighted material for free which does a significant harm to the film industry. Portable Digital Cameras Recent portable digital cameras and camcorders have given a rise to piracy. It is now very easy for users to take a portable camcorder or camera into a cinema and record the movie during the runtime. This recording is then sold on DVDs and/or uploaded on file sharing sites and/or peer to peer networks. Conclusion And Evaluation The leap in Digital Animation software has helped the film industry in making more detailed, 3D animated films. Web 2.0 has played a major part in the success of the booming film industry that is present today. With the help of social networks and its viral features, the marketing of new movies have become very easy and also cost effective. Although film piracy is on the rise and more people are using camcorders in theatres and copying off DVDs and posting them on the internet, the film industry has shown a significant amount of growth. Film piracy has cost them millions of dollars but yet film revenues have tripled over the last 25 years. Newly developed CG techniques like performance capture have started a new era to the film industry which is going to lead them into making more better films. It is clear from the above information presented that the advantages of what then new technological advancements have done for the film industry clearly outweigh the disadvantages. 3D cameras and state of the art animation and editing have lead todays movies to be more enjoyable and fun to watch. (The Fact And Fiction Of Camcorder Piracy)

Is There a Criminal Brain? Essay -- Biology Biological Essays

Is There a Criminal Brain? It is very rare these days to turn on the news and not hear about a crime or a murder. Crime is a common occurrence yet many times it is difficult to understand how someone could bring themselves to do these things. It does seem to make any sense why a young handsome man from a good family would want to kill someone and then be able to go through with it. This leads one to wonder if the brains of people who behave in socially unacceptable ways are different from everyone else's brains. There is a substantial amount of evidence that suggests some criminals do have differences in their brains that most likely contribute to their behavior. Many of these individuals have Antisocial Personality Disorder and some are considered sociopaths. Everyone's brain is made up slightly differently, which is good because it provides individual variation. These biological differences can greatly influence how the individual behaves. For example, the frog brain and the human brain look very different structurally and the behaviors exhibited by a frog and a human are very different. Differences in brain structure are not limited to different species, there can be differences within the same species. Wildcats and domestic cats are a good example of this. The visual system of the wild cat and the domestic cat differ in substantial ways. Domestic cats have fewer ganglion cells in the retina and have a smaller lateral geniculate nucleus, which is a part of the thalamus (9). In addition, they have fewer total neurons involved in the visual system of the brain, however the sizes of neurons do not change between the wild and domestic cats (9). It may be possible to explain these changes by looking at "domesticati... ... http://abcnews.go.com/sections/living/DailyNews/antisocials000214.html 2)What Lurks Within Murderous Minds? http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/discipline.html 3)Neural Roots of Murder http://www.academicpress.com/inscight/09151997/graphb.htm 4)Crime & Nourishment http://mhnet.org/perspectives/articles/art03964.htm 5)Prenatal Smoking Linked to Conduct Disorder in Boys http://www.cqs.com/smokaspd.htm 6)Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Case of Diagnostic Confusion http://www.mhsource.com/pt/p960239.jhtml?_requestid=454630 7)The Psychopath's Brain: Tormented Souls, Diseased Brains http://www.epub.org.br/cm/n07/doencas/disease_i.htm 8)Functional Families, Dysfunctional Brains http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1998/04/980410101830.htm 9)>Different Brains, Different Behaviors http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/~pkinser/bb/ Is There a Criminal Brain? Essay -- Biology Biological Essays Is There a Criminal Brain? It is very rare these days to turn on the news and not hear about a crime or a murder. Crime is a common occurrence yet many times it is difficult to understand how someone could bring themselves to do these things. It does seem to make any sense why a young handsome man from a good family would want to kill someone and then be able to go through with it. This leads one to wonder if the brains of people who behave in socially unacceptable ways are different from everyone else's brains. There is a substantial amount of evidence that suggests some criminals do have differences in their brains that most likely contribute to their behavior. Many of these individuals have Antisocial Personality Disorder and some are considered sociopaths. Everyone's brain is made up slightly differently, which is good because it provides individual variation. These biological differences can greatly influence how the individual behaves. For example, the frog brain and the human brain look very different structurally and the behaviors exhibited by a frog and a human are very different. Differences in brain structure are not limited to different species, there can be differences within the same species. Wildcats and domestic cats are a good example of this. The visual system of the wild cat and the domestic cat differ in substantial ways. Domestic cats have fewer ganglion cells in the retina and have a smaller lateral geniculate nucleus, which is a part of the thalamus (9). In addition, they have fewer total neurons involved in the visual system of the brain, however the sizes of neurons do not change between the wild and domestic cats (9). It may be possible to explain these changes by looking at "domesticati... ... http://abcnews.go.com/sections/living/DailyNews/antisocials000214.html 2)What Lurks Within Murderous Minds? http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/discipline.html 3)Neural Roots of Murder http://www.academicpress.com/inscight/09151997/graphb.htm 4)Crime & Nourishment http://mhnet.org/perspectives/articles/art03964.htm 5)Prenatal Smoking Linked to Conduct Disorder in Boys http://www.cqs.com/smokaspd.htm 6)Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Case of Diagnostic Confusion http://www.mhsource.com/pt/p960239.jhtml?_requestid=454630 7)The Psychopath's Brain: Tormented Souls, Diseased Brains http://www.epub.org.br/cm/n07/doencas/disease_i.htm 8)Functional Families, Dysfunctional Brains http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1998/04/980410101830.htm 9)>Different Brains, Different Behaviors http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/~pkinser/bb/